STEROIDS, LIPIDS AND PROSTAGLANDINS

Pharmacodynamic Agents
MNPC III (46:132)
Instructor: Dr. Horacio F. Olivo

I. INTRODUCTION

Steroid Industry Honored. Chem. & Eng. News 1999, October 25. (Extra-curricular reading material)

 

II. STRUCTURE & NOMENCLATURE

• A. Cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus
• B. Cyclohexane
  • 1. Forms: chair and boat
  • 2. Substituents: axial or equatorial
• C. Decalins
  • 1. cis versus trans
• D. Steroids
  • 1. Numbering and ring letters
  • 2. Angular methyl groups
  • 3. alpha and beta terminology
  • 4. Trans (anti) versus cis (syn)
• E. Nomenclature
  • 1. Common names for saturated hydrocarbon skeleton
  • 2. Substituent nomenclature
  • 3. Examples

III. LIPIDS AND PROSTAGLANDINS

• A. Simple Lipids
  • 1. Fats and Oils
  • 2. Waxes
• B. Conjugated (complex) lipids
• C. Fatty acids
  • 1. Biosynthesis via acetate-malonate pathway
  • 2. saturated vs. unsaturated fatty acids
    • a. cis-trans isomerization
    • b. polyunsaturated
    • c. prostaglandins

IV. CHOLESTEROL

• A. Introduction
  • a. Functions of Cholesterol in the body
  • b. Distribution
• B.Synthesis
  • i. mevalonic acid formation
  • ii. squalene formation
  • iii. cyclization and processing
• C. Cholesterol metabolism
  • 1. Bile Acids and their glycine and taurine conjugates
  • 2. Therapeutic agents
• D. Cholesterol levels
• The MayoClinic. Cholesterol. Knowledge behind your numbers.

V. ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS

• A. Types of Hyperlipidemias
• B. Drugs that lower concentration of plasma lipoproteins
• C. Bile-Acid binding resins

VI. STEROID HORMONE BIOSYNTHESIS

• A. Pregnelonone
• B. Progesterone
• C. Adrenocorticoids
• D. Androgens
• E. Estrogens

VII. ADRENOCORTICOSTEROIDS

• A. General Information
• B. Natural Hormones
• C. Structure Activity Relationships
• D. Products
• Synthetic and Natural adrenocorticosteroids (PDF)

VIII. ESTROGENS

• A. Natural Hormones
• B. Conjugated estrogens
• C. Structure Activity Relationships
• D. Estrogen Products
• E. Non-steroidal Estrogens
• F. Antiestrogens
• G. Estrogen Derivatives as antitumoral agents
• Environmental Estrogens

IX. PROGESTINS

• A. General Information
• B. Natural Hormones
• C. Structure Activity Relationships
• D. Products
• E. Oral contraceptives
• Hand-Outs

Some Practice Question (PDF File)

X. ANDROGENS

• A. General Information
• B. Natural Hormones
• C. Structure Activity Relationships
• D. Products
• Extra-Curricular Reading. Designer Steroids (Chem. & Eng. News 2003)

Bibliography

Steroid Notes from Dr. Andrew Coop. University of Maryland.

Steroids, Lipids, and Prostaglandins Tutorial Download this HyperCard tutorial for your MacIntosh. It was developed to help you review the material learned in class. Keep it, and review it everyother time in the future.

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